Introduction.
The textile industry relies heavily on biodiversity, especially for producing raw materials. In 2022, around one-third of textile fibers came from agriculture and forests. Cotton, the most common natural fiber, is the second most produced textile, after polyester. According to ICAC 2022, global cotton cultivation covers an area of 32.636 million hectares, producing 24.958 million tonnes annually. This production supports the livelihoods of over 250 million people worldwide and employs almost 7% of all labor in developing countries. Approximately half of all textiles are made of cotton (WWF, 2024).
Cotton farming has been a long-standing topic of debate due to its environmental and social impact on the planet, particularly on biodiversity. The methods used in cultivating cotton can have significant effects on the biodiversity of our planet. From the large monoculture fields that replace diverse ecosystems to the heavy use of water and chemical inputs, conventional cotton farming practices present substantial challenges to the environment. This website delves into the complex relationship between cotton farming and biodiversity, shedding light on the consequences.